John 1:14; Heb. This is the one Old Testament sacrifice which reflects one of the most gruesome aspects of our Lords atoning work as our substitute. In short, these are: (1) The name of the place the goat was led. CHAPTER 16. The idea of precipice seems to have been derived from Talmudic tradition, where was translated by steep mountain. The allusion appears to have been to the precipitous slope or rock in the wilderness from which in the post-exilic period the goat was hurled to death. R. K. Harrison, Leviticus: An Introduction and Commentary (Downers Grove: Inter-Varsity Press, 1980), p. 170. . For I will appear(G) in the cloud(H) over the atonement cover. The High Priest God has provided us the Lord Jesus Christ, who has done all the work, not just to cover our sins, but to take them away. 4:13-14, 27-28; 5:2-5). 8:26-27). Facts: to see how and why atonement was made in the ritual described in the this lesson.Principle: to understand that atonement will help us understand the personality and thoughts of God.Application: to live daily with the understanding that our sins have been atoned for and are no longer held against the ones who trust in Christ. (10) The Day of Atonement was a time for the priest to confess before God the sins of the nation. because on this day atonement will be made for you, to cleanse you. Leviticus 16 describes atonement on many levels by many actions. The Day of Atonement in Hebrew is Yom Kippur. As a rule I think that most of us are inclined to look at the slaughtered goat as paying for the sins of the people, while the living goat lives, as though it symbolizes the forgiveness of the people. 32 The priest who is anointed and ordained to succeed his father as high priest is to make atonement. This would ensure that the priest was pure to mediate for his people. True submission is seeking the best interest of the other, rather than our own interest. (1) Gods instructions to Aaron concerning the offerings of the Day of Atonement begins with a reminder of the death of his two sons, as recorded in chapter 10. No doubt the confessions of Moses (Exod. Salem Media Group. New International Version (NIV). 23Then Aaron is to go into the tent of meeting and take off the linen garments(AQ) he put on before he entered the Most Holy Place, and he is to leave them there. Then, when she marries, she continues the same kind of blind conformity. 8:18-25). 16:16). The most dreaded evil for Israel was the absence of Gods presence in the midst of the people. 20-22). The priest was to take a goat and do with its blood for the people what he did with the bulls blood for himself. Aaron was to do the same for the tent of meeting. The Day of Atonement. It falls each year on the tenth day of the seventh Hebrew month called Tishrei (usually September or October), and is the climax of the Jewish high holy days. 7:26-28). Let me briefly mention how this can work, and then leave the reader to ponder the implications. But in the presence of God even the high priest is stripped of all honor: he becomes simply the servant of the King of kings, whose true status is portrayed in the simplicity of his dress. The space was so sacred that Aaron was to occupy it himself, without help from anyone else. 2). Kairos Benevolence Fund and International Conference on Missions are combining to jointly power Pressing On: A Conference of Encouragement for Ministers and Missionaries, set for May 9 to 11. 29:7-11). Once the priests sins had been atoned for, it was time to make atonement for the community of Israel. In chapter 4, the blood of the bull is sprinkled only on the horns of the altar of incense, but in chapter 16 the blood is also sprinkled on the mercy seat itself. It is a Scriptural concept that the soul that sinneth, it shall die (Exodus 14:4; 20). But we who are trusting in Christ realize that He atoned for our sins once and for all. 76 Wenham goes so far as to say that the main purpose of the day of atonement was not to cleanse the people, but to cleanse the holy place: The main purpose of the day of atonement ceremonies is to cleanse the sanctuary from the pollutions introduced into it by the unclean worshippers (cf. The peoples duty, The chapter is not strictly chronological in its organization. NIV Reverse Interlinear Bible: English to Hebrew and English to Greek. Detailed description of the ceremonies 8:31-39). How, then, should we pray? The text moves us from the descriptions of the various offerings, and the guidelines concerning them, to the commencement of sacrificial offerings by Aaron, the high priest. The Day of Atonement - Leviticus 16. Psalms 118:10-13 allude to the Day of Atonement. This blood was especially to be applied to the horns on the altar, and he was to do this seven times. 68 This is the structure as outlined by Gordon J. Wenham, The Book of Leviticus (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1979), p. 228. We just need to believe. According to the Israelite calendar, it came on the tenth day of the seventh month (cf. 2:2; 6:11-12; Rev. The Day of Atonement was an annual time set aside for fasting. The Day of Atonement (16)15. Leviticus 16: Repentance and Restoration (Day of Atonement). Chronologically chapter 16 should follow directly after chapter 10, for the first verse of chapter 16 informs us that God gave the instructions of chapter 16 to Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron, which, as we know, is recorded in chapter 10. The aim of these rituals is to make possible Gods continued presence among his people. Wenham, p. 228. 14:12). Certainly, the atonement for sin that the Lord Jesus accomplished for us on the cross is beyond measure..even beyond our comprehension. (9) Next, outside the tent, Aaron was to make atonement for the altar of burnt offering,71 using, it would seem, the blood of both the bull and the goat (vv. On this goat, the sins of the people are placed, and then it is handed over to an Israelite (Azazel? (AR) 24He shall bathe himself with water in the sanctuary area(AS) and put on his regular garments. 75 Harrison states, In view of this injunction [Day of Atonement to be a permanent statute, v. 34] it is curious that no specific reference to the day of atonement occurs elsewhere in the Old Testament, despite the periodic occurrence of certain significant events in the seventh month (cf. 9:11-12, cf. (P) 5From the Israelite community(Q) he is to take two male goats(R) for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering. This much we know: Israels forgiveness was effectual (it worked for them then), and yet in reality their sins were rolled back until Jesus could come and be the sacrifice once for all (Hebrews 10). His outfit consisted of four simple garments in white linen, even plainer than the vestments of the ordinary priest (Exod. The Day of Atonement was to be a special Sabbath and a sombre day - rather like our Good Friday. 4:13, 22, 27; 5:15, 18). This would thus be the only religious holiday which was characterized by mourning, fasting, and repentance. Willful sins could not be atoned for by these sacrifices, no was there any sacrifice for them (Num. No views Oct 11, 2022 Dislike Share Sunday School Live with Pastor Bonita Vance 730 subscribers. It was a day of national mourning and repentance. 8He is to cast lots(T) for the two goatsone lot for the Lord and the other for the scapegoat. But when our Lord was crucified and His blood was shed for the sins of the world, the veil which formerly kept men apart from God was torn asunder, signifying that every believer has full and unlimited access to God. The Sacrificial System (1-7)12. Leviticus 16:29 and 23:27 and Numbers 29:7 instruct that "you shall afflict your souls." Leviticus 23:32 makes clear that a full day is intended: "you shall afflict your souls . So what about today? 16:15-22), as well as describing the events that followed the conclusion of the offerings on the Day of Atonement (cf. I urge you to meditate upon the Book of Hebrews, and to pray the prayers of the psalmists concerning hidden sins. I urge you to follow the example of the saints of the Bible, especially the psalmists, and to make your unknown sins a matter of priority. (BJ) 32The priest who is anointed and ordained(BK) to succeed his father as high priest is to make atonement. We should not be surprised that forgiveness is one of the most emphasized topics in the Bible. 8:17-18). Harrison, p. 175. New Testament Christians are not as concerned about unknown sins as they should be. 78 The text does not specifically state this, but the inference of the text is that there were so many sins which might go unnoticed, that these, had they been neglected beyond the year, would have produced intolerable contamination. vv. (6) The Day of Atonement is the cleansing of a place and of a people. Additional regulations pertaining to the feast are outlined in Leviticus 23:26-32 and Numbers 29:7-11. In Leviticus chapter 16 summary the LORD God spoke to Aaron through Moses. Romans chapter 8 deals with the spiritual life of the believer and describes the present difficulties and adversities of life. (BA), 29This is to be a lasting ordinance(BB) for you: On the tenth day of the seventh month(BC) you must deny yourselves[c](BD) and not do any work(BE)whether native-born(BF) or a foreigner residing among you 30because on this day atonement will be made(BG) for you, to cleanse you. Even though he assisted in bringing Gods people out of Egypt (Exodus 4:14-17), he clearly had feet of clay (Exodus 32:4-6). Remember the Past (1:1-4:40)20. She would do nothing to offend or to lose his approval. The Day of Atonement was known as a Sabbath, no matter what day of the week it feel on. 78 Bush writes, The idea of the institution seems to have been, that inasmuch as the incidental and occasional sin-offerings had, from their very nature, left much sin for which no expiation had been made, there should be a day in which all omissions of this sort should be supplied, by one general expiation, so that at the end of the year no sin or pollution might remain for which the blood of atonement had not been shed. Bush, p. 164. Leviticus 16:29-34 and 23:26-32 and Numbers 29:7-11 present similar injunctions to observe Yom Kippur. He shall send the goat away into the wilderness in the care of someone appointed for the task. One of the primary words in the New Testament for forgiveness (Greekaphiemi) picks up on this image. 16:31; 23:27; Num. So that first part is laid out in verses 11-19: Incense is first offered before mercy seat (vs. 12, 13), then the blood of the bull is sprinkled over and in front of the mercy seat seven times (purification from the priest's own sins), then blood . Detailed Description of the Day of Atonement Rituals: Verses 11-28; A. Aarons role, vv. In the New Testament book of Hebrews, Jesus is identified as the greatest high priest. 22The goat will carry on itself all their sins(AP) to a remote place; and the man shall release it in the wilderness. 13 He is to put the incense on the fire before the Lord, and the smoke of the incense will conceal the atonement cover above the tablets of the covenant law, so that . Let Leviticus chapter 16 be the point in your life when you come to experience Gods atonement in Christ. The people were clean. The Day of Atonement was a time for each Israelite to reflect on his own sinfulness, and to respond appropriately with mourning and repentance. 70 The exact order of events is not certain in some cases, but this is at least the general order of the ritual. Leviticus 23:26-27. Lev. Aaron ministered in a small earthly sanctuary, entering into the Holy of Holies but once a year. 32-34), Ezra (Ezra 9), and Daniel (Dan. 1-2; B. Verses 6-10 serve as a preliminary summary of the offering of the bull and the two goats, but this is then taken up in greater detail in verses 11-22.69. Leviticus 16:29 and 23:27 and Numbers 29:7 set the Holy Day on the tenth day of the seventh month (Tishrei). The Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16). 18Then he shall come out to the altar(AJ) that is before the Lord and make atonement for it. "Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering, which is for the people, bring its blood inside the veil, do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and before the mercy seat. Within Judaism today, this is Yom Kippur, one of the high holy days still set aside for fasting, prayer, and repentance. The text describes what he had to do in that regard. A great responsibility rested on his shoulders. 71 There is a difference of opinion at to whether the altar in verse 18 is the altar of incense inside the veil or the altar of burnt offering outside. Pure Priest | Leviticus 16:11-14 Israel was to be a kingdom of priests (Exodus 19:6). I have always had a certain mental picture of the Day of Atonement, and I have just now discovered how partial and incomplete it was. Even more emphatic in this chapter is the fact that the Day of Atonement was provided by God to cleanse His holy dwelling place, the Tabernacle, and the holy things associated with it.76 That for which atonement is made is that with which God came in contact, that which had become defiled over the past year, due to the sins of the people and their priests: And he shall make atonement for the holy place, because of the impurities of the sons of Israel, and because of their transgressions, in regard to all their sins; and thus he shall do for the tent of meeting which abides with them in the midst of their impurities (Lev. She wants to throw out half of the treasures you have gathered over the year. 53:5). The best that one could hope for with the sacrifices of the Day of Atonement was that the impurity of sin would be put off for another year. Start your free trial today! Now the space where the atonement took place must be made sacred. The under-priests (i.e. Their highest use was seen on the Day of Atonement. All rights reserved. Aaron shall enter the holy place with this: with a bull for a sin . We do not know how tall Christ was, but we know how big he was on forgiveness (Chuck Colson). The point here was that although he had been appointed as the high priest, he was still a sinful human being. Thus, the writer to the Hebrews can say. The fact that no work was to be done reminds us that we can not work to earn our salvation. We gratefully rest in His finished work. Leviticus Chapter 15. The majority of this chapter is given over to describing the process by which the high priest would make atonement for himself (cf. 28; 39). The offering of the Day of Atonement is more extensive than the normal offering of the priest. This lesson treatment is published in the February 14issue ofThe Lookoutmagazine, and is also available online atwww.lookoutmag.com. Your Day of Atonement. Lev. It certinly foreshadowed the One who would be our High Priest and the work He would do at Calvary. God gives instructions to priests (Leviticus 8-10). The fat of the sin offering was burned on the altar (v. 25), and the remains of the bull and the goat were taken outside the camp, where they were burned (v. 27). After these duties were performed, the High Priest would commence the ceremonies of the Day of Atonement, as prescribed in our text:70. 3 But in this way Aaron shall come into the Holy Place: with a bull from the herd for a sin offering and a ram for a burnt offering. 23:26-32; Num. until He comes again, destroys and renews the earth, finally and fully limits Satan, and transforms our physical bodies. Let us briefly consider each of these. The Hebrew name for the Day of Atonement is Yom Kippur. Doing this will have great personal benefits. The first nine verses detail the plans for the Altar of Incense. That is the entire purpose of the ceremony. 33-34). Yes, Thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea" ( Micah 7:18, 19, NASB). Since therefore, brethren, we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus, by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh, and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water (Heb. Acquit me of hidden faults (Ps. A Few More Days Remain to Complete Our Annual Church Survey, Merger of CCCB, SLCC Officially Completed, Pressing On Conference Planned for Seasoned Ministers, Missionaries, THROWBACK THURSDAY: Booker T. Washington a Campbellist? Aaron was a sinner, if we had not already figured this out (cf. Aaron was to take off his normal priestly garments, wash, then put on special garments because he would later . The priest was pure. 29:7), which, according to many, included fasting. Materials requiredanimals and clothing, vv. Start for FREE. The Bible speaks to the importance of forgiving others (Matthew 18:35). Dr. Mark Scott wrote this treatment of the International Sunday School Lesson. She sacrifices her convictions and her unique contribution in the name of submission. 19 He shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times to cleanse it and to consecrate it from the uncleanness of the Israelites. Some seem to think that ignorance is bliss. It is not true. The fate of the goat which lived (Azazel) is, in my opinion, worse than that of the one which is slain. 72 Wenham, p. 230. 2023 Christian Standard Media. Further, Aaron died, but Christ lives forever (Heb. As the Scriptures put it. I believe that the omission of this process in verses 11-22 is significant. Wenham also says that the purpose of the day of atonement was to prevent Aaron, in theory the holiest man in Israel, suffering sudden death when he enters the tabernacle (vv. Leviticus 16:29 and 23:27 and Numbers 29:7 set the Holy Day on the tenth day of the seventh month (Tishrei). The last aspect of the superiority of Christs atonement to Aarons (which we shall consider here) is that Christs sacrifice brought better access to God. What Makes Covenant Theology So Important? In this case, too, the offering on the Day of Atonement was similar to the former offering, but was greater in that there was an entrance into the Holy of Holies. This is not the case, however. The Day of Atonement speaks to the importance of God"s forgiveness of us and was at the heart of Israel"s calendar. On the day of atonement he looked more like a slave. The best approximation to this in my experience is what a bee-keeper does, smoking the hive of the bees, before he begins to remove the honey. The dying goat signifies the death which Christ died, as did the other sacrificial animals. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. 18-19). 28The man who burns them must wash his clothes and bathe himself with water; afterward he may come into the camp. 27The bull and the goat for the sin offerings, whose blood was brought into the Most Holy Place to make atonement, must be taken outside the camp;(AZ) their hides, flesh and intestines are to be burned up. Aaron is to bring and slaughter a bull for his own "sin offering" to make atonement for himself and family. and he shall sprinkle it on the mercy seat and in front of the mercy seat. When we trust in Christ as our Savior, His death and the blood He shed washes away our sin and makes us acceptable to God. Someone has said that atonement is an at-one-ment, meaning that we were separated from God because of our sin but now have been made one with Him, not separated at all but united to Him, through Christ. III. 77 Many of the Bible scholars with whom I am familiar would choose to argue this matter on the grounds of what is meant by the expression, by His scourging we are healed (Isa. He is to do the same for the tent of meeting,(AI) which is among them in the midst of their uncleanness. cleansing of the participants This is that for which Moses eloquently and passionately pleaded, after the apostasy of the nation, when they worshipped the golden calf (Exod. Rom. Rev 6:12-17; Rev 8:5. Bush, pp. 3 And this shall be his uncleanness in his issue: whether his flesh run with his issue, or his flesh be stopped from his issue . As a result of my study of this chapter, I have come to break the chapter up somewhat differently: I. IntroductionRequirements: Verses 1-5; A. . For it was fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled, separated from sinners and exalted above the heavens; who does not need daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins, and then for the sins of the people, because this He did once for all when He offered up Himself. The way of a fool is right in his own eyes, But a wise man is he who listens to counsel (Prov. 8:28-30), thus none of those destructive and damaging present evils can separate us from the love of God (Rom. 10:19-22). Cf. In Leviticus 10, evidently Nadab and Abihu . This chapter treats of the day of atonement, and of the rites, sacrifices, and services of it, directs when Aaron should come into the holy of holies, Le 16:1,2; and in what habit he should then appear, and with what offerings both for himself, and for the people, Le 16:3-10; and that having slain his own sin offering, and that for the people, he should offer incense before the mercy seat, and sprinkle that with the blood of both, Le 16:11-15; and by these offerings make atonement for the holy place, the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar, Le 16:16-19; and having done this, he was to take the live goat, lay his hands on it, confess over it, and put upon it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and then send it away by a fit man into the wilderness, Le 16:20-22; upon which he was to put off his linen garments, wash his flesh, and put them on again, and offer the burnt offering for himself, and for the people, Le 16:23-25; also he that let go the goat, and he that carried and burnt the sin offerings without the camp, were to wash themselves and clothes also, Le 16:26-28; the observance of this day, once a year, which was on the tenth of the seventh month, as a day of affliction and atonement, was to be a statute for ever to the children of Israel, Le 16:29-34. Robert L. (Bob)Deffinbaugh graduated from Dallas Theological Seminary with his Th.M. The whole process was quite detailed but necessary for the people of God to be holy before God, and thus at one with God. Aaron did not know of Christ, but he did accept that he could not pay for his own. (13) The earlier sacrifices of the bull and the goat were completed. With the exception of the two birds (Lev. 8:1-2; 9:1-10). I encourage you to ask God to show you what drawing near means for you, today. There is then a special word of warning, followed by a brief reference to the Day of Atonement: You shall not offer any strange incense on this altar, or burnt offering or meal offering; and you shall not pour out a libation on it. He did this to demonstrate his justice, because in his forbearance he had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished he did it to demonstrate his justice at the present. These are not easy matters, for we are a part of the evil fabric of our country. This meant that no work was to be done. God removes our sins as far as the east is from the west (Psalm 103:12). These passages tell us that fallen man is not capable of seeing many of his own sins. Our text clearly indicates the superiority of the person of Christ to Aaron. Lesson: Leviticus 16:1-16; Time of Action: 1445 B.C. Holy Bible, New International Version, NIV Copyright 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc. Used by permission. The issue at stake is whether or not God will continue to abide within the camp, in the midst of His people. It is good to confess those obvious sins, such as the legalization of abortion, but we need to become much more sensitive to the more subtle (unknown?) He must therefore dress as befits the occasion. They were a set-apart nation, and as such, observed these rituals of atonement. 27 ; 5:15, 18 ) similar injunctions to observe Yom Kippur ) and put his... 29:7 set the Holy of Holies but once a year exact order of is. 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