[1] The Congress disregarded that even though they had captured the large part of UP's general seats, they had not won any of the reserved Muslim seats, of which the Muslim League had won 29.[20]. Although he established a law practice after returning, he concentrated primarily on writing scholarly works on politics, economics, history, philosophy, and religion. 0000003164 00000 n The Congress won 758 out of around 1500 seats in a resounding victory, and went on to form seven provincial governments. The positive integer factors of 1937 are: academic percentage variations ups&downs?i was asked this The Congress domination over the government made the prospects of federal Muslim politicians appear dismal. The major causes of Muslim Leagues's failure in the 1937 general Elections are as follows: In the 1945 elections, Muslim League came up with a striking victory by winning all the 30 Muslim seats in the Central Legislative Assembly and 446 out of 495 Muslim seats in provinces. Thus, Linlithgow refused the demands of the Congress. www.ricrocket.weebly.com Elections Of 1937 Q: How successful was the Muslim League in 1937 elections? After result Unionist Party under the leadership of Sikandar Hayat Khan formed the Government. Only two nominees of the Muslim League succeeded in the elections of 1937. 0000001088 00000 n In the 1945 elections, Muslim League came up with Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. 4. In Bengal, the Krishak Praja Party of Fazal-ul-Haq formed the government. Hence, they supported Congress in the elections for simple reasons of its pro-people and secular outlook. emergence f muslim league as a dominant political party, stance description in the cabinet mission plan, then show up of reserved nature in direct action day, and the over growing pressure on british government for independence as Muslims could not be ignored now that they were so significant in . 0000008064 00000 n All of these events contributed to the failure of the movement. As per this provision, the British held elections in provinces in February 1937 on the basis of separate electorates. But Muslim League, which stood for separate electorates, was . The Indian National Congress secured absolute Muslim league lacked support at ground level as it was not so much popular at that time among locals even Muslims. On the other hand, they considered congress as a part of the common people. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". One of the reasons for the poor performance of the league in the elections was its image as a political party of the upper-class Muslims. They played pivotal role in bringing ML with surprising victory. In contrast, Indian National Congress won almost the majority of seats of both Hindus and Muslims and formed its government in the provinces. Had they have experience with anti-Muslim policies and actions, they would have not supported congress. Awesome Inc. theme. The Muslim League and Mohammed Ali Jinnah. The Congress rule from 1937-39 was also a Now, what lay before them was the task of persuading their concerned masses to support them in the upcoming elections. In the League?s election campaign, the most decisive was the role of four groups: students, the pro-League ulema, Muslim journalists and businessmen. 0 Answers Open for Applications, Swiss Government Excellence Scholarships 2023-2024 | Study in Switzerland, Top Scholarships in Europe 2023-2024 | For the International Students, Language And Literature Development Under Akbar, Contribution of Mughals in Promotion of Literature, Mughal Policy of Religious Toleration and Integration. Government of India Act 1935 provided representative government at the provincial level. The first paragraph will contain the reasons that why did the ML perform badly in 1937 elections and the second paragraph will contain the reasons for their good performance in the elections of 1945! The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Party branches increased after the 1937 elections, by mid 1938 Jinnah (who returned to India in 1935) began a series of personal appearances, rallies and interviews. Feudal states competed for power, leading to constant warfare, violence, and turmoil. They had an image problem they were seen as aristocrates and princes while in realoty theu were poor an illetrate Now, the league could run an effective election campaign to garner the support and vote of people in its favor. The prominent leaders that helped form the Muslim League for example leaders like Sir Salimullah who initially sketched a plan for an all India Muslim organisation, which was seconded by Hakim Ajmal Khan and Sir Sayed and other Muslim leaders like Ameer Ali who disapproved of the Indian National Congress as being pro-Hindu and believed that the party could not represent the Muslim community to . The general The reasons behind this success were that Quaid-i-Azam had organized the party from the grass roots. [1] The Congress ministries did not succeed in attracting their Muslim countrymen. RACE? All India Muslim League (AIML) was able to win only 108 seats out of 482 Muslim seats. But since Congress refused to a coalition ministry with KPP, Muslim League got the chance of accepting office and by that way incresedits popularity and gained 104 sseats out of 111 in the election of 1946. The election had not been a success for the Muslim League, but it had brought benefits for them. Any help Its overwhelming success in the by-elections to the Muslim seats in the UP is seen as the surest indicator of The League contested these elections with great zeal and fervor but poll results were a big disappointment for it. The Congress however, won an astounding number of 707 [7] Ans: The ML was Expert Help [1][2] It won 54 out of 64 Muslim seats in the United Provinces and 34 of Bihar's 40 Muslim seats. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. The Congress ministries resigned in October and November 1939, in protest against Viceroy Lord Linlithgow's action of declaring India to be a belligerent in the Second World War without consulting the elected representatives of the Indian peoples. The 1937 election was the first in which large masses of Indians were eligible to participate. [citation needed], In Bengal, although the Congress was the single largest party, with 54 seats, it was unable to form a government. [13], The Sind Legislative Assembly had 60 members. [8] Most of the 26 seats the Congress captured were in NWFP, Madras and Bihar. In the Indian provincial elections of 1946, the Muslim League won 425 out of 476 seats reserved for Muslims (and about 89.2% of Muslim votes) on a policy of creating the independent state of Pakistan, and with an implied threat of secession if this was not granted. The extent of the League's success in Muslim constituencies in 1945-6 can be gauged from the fact that it won 76 per cent of the total Muslim vote in India- a very far cry indeed from the 4.8 per cent it had obtained in 1937! Presidential address by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to the Muslim LeagueLucknow, October 1937. [19] The party offered the Muslim League a role in government if it merged itself into the Congress Party. For the Congress and Hindus the elections were much successful while for Muslims it was unsuccessful time. 0000008781 00000 n Another reason cited by pro-league circles was the poverty and illiteracy among Muslims as dominant phenomena. Muslim . 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They no longer considered it a party of elite Muslims as practical injustices and cruel anti-Muslim approach of Congress and Hindus had made Muslims insecure about their future. Which institute is best for bank classes either Merit on It was the first major election the League had fought and helped unify the party after the internal split of the early 1930s. Party branches increased after the 1937 elections, by mid . [23], Jinnah took a nationalist stance and emulated the Congress' electoral campaign and appointed Muslim League Parliamentary Boards for the 1937 elections. 1937 elections. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. The results were very encouraging for the Congress; Except for Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh, the Congress had fared well in other regions . [26] Antagonised by this rebuff the League stepped up its efforts to attract a popular following. Congress party between 1937 and 1939. The election had not been a success for the muslin league 3. Your email address will not be published. [24] Of the 482 seats reserved for Muslims the League won just 109. (7 marks), why did muslim league perform poorly in the elections of 1937, Last Sermon of the Prophet (PBUH) and Human Rights, Reforms of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Nationalization and Land Reforms, European Union Traineeship Program 2023 | Fully Funded, UCL Global Masters Scholarship 2023-2024 | Fully Funded, ADB Scholarship Program 2023-2024 | Study in Thailand, TWAS-IsDB Postdoctoral Fellowship Program 2023-2024 | Fully Funded, Singapore International Graduate Award (SINGA) 2023-2024, Hungary Government Scholarships 2023-2024 for international Students, Fully funded Italy Scholarships 2023-2024. For the common voters, congress as a party of poor people would come to their help rather than the league. Thus more Muslims knew of the league. Thanks in advance. A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? Election results. The success of provincial parties like the If You join the company then what is the first thing you Most of the Muslim seats were won by regional Muslim parties. In this paper an attempt has been made to determine electoral politics and voting trends in NWFP during 1937 elections. thinking differently. In this state of confusion and dilemma, the leagues demand for a separate homeland provided Muslims a direction and vision to pursue. There is general recognition that the provincial elections of 1937 were of supreme importance in shaping the Indian political landscape of the 1940's. Congress proved highly successful. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Muslim League under Mohammad Ali Jinnah strived to introduce reforms to bring it at par with other provinces. nightmare for the Muslims facing religious restrictions and threat to their . It captured all Muslim seats in Bombay and Madras. want to do , which you were not able to do in ur previous dedications. The Congress Muslims achieved 6 percent of them. As high as 36 seats, more than one third of the total, were bagged from Bengal alone. Q How successful were the provincial elections held Netherlands: 9 April 1937 (Den Haag) Elections for the Provincial level were over by early 1937. The Muslim-League, on the other hand, did not fare well at all, especi-ally in the Muslim majority provinces of the Punjab and Bengal. It perhaps appears odd that Jinnahs Muslim League continued fighting after the resounding defeat by Congress in these 1937 elections, and that it eventually went on to gain such support from Muslims around British India that a whole new country was created. shifted from aristocrats and princes to true leaders of the people. Though by the 1940s AIML had managed to make important inroads in Bengal, the party had been routed in Punjab in the elections held there in the 1930s. making generalizations is the cartoonist in the favor of or against the embargo act explain your answer, Which crime is worse: placing innocent civilians into prison camps such as Manzanar or mistreating soldiers in the way the Japanese did to Americans o It had no offices and impressive membership at the grass-root level. [8] The League's top performance was in provinces where Muslims were minorities; there it cast itself as a protector of the community. Only 109 of the 482 seats set aside for Muslims were secured by the League. The 1937 elections did not go too well for the All-India Muslim League at all. It also demonstrated the provincial moorings of Muslim politics. The Zhou dynasty became more powerful and was able to put down t What is the difference between mango plants and maize plants in terms of root system? "From movement to government: the Congress in the United Provinces, 1937-42", Sage Publications, 2003. pp 60, Abida Shakoor. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 1. They alleged the ignorance of Muslims for the failure of the league in the elections. Muslims were forbidden to eat beef and received harsh punishments if they slaughtered cows. Maulana Mohammad Shuaib became the president of the Frontier Muslim League. Open for Applications, Swiss Government Excellence Scholarships 2023-2024 | Study in Switzerland, Top Scholarships in Europe 2023-2024 | For the International Students, Language And Literature Development Under Akbar, Contribution of Mughals in Promotion of Literature, Mughal Policy of Religious Toleration and Integration. It realized that it had to improve its organization and planning . (LogOut/ Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. They were dominated by the Congress and were unable to show support due to fear. They played pivotal role in bringing ML with surprising victory. The Sind United Party emerged the leader with 22 seats, and the Congress secured 8 seats. They learned a great deal about how to contest elections. The chief ministers of Punjab and Bengal formally joined Muslim League. Most of the Muslim seats were won by regional Muslim parties. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. The Pakistan Muslim League (Quaid e Azam Group) Urdu: (); Pkistn Muslim Lg (Qf), Acronyms: PML(Q), PML-Q, PMLQ, "Q League") is a Conservative nationalist political party in Pakistan. The General Elections of 1945-1946 : Quaid-i-Azam's Springboard to Pakistan Dr. Waheed Ahmad. all the parties and, were not the sole party representing Muslims, Realized the image problem. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. What were the reasons for the failure of Khilafat movement? cause of the Muslims, but the election results were a great disappointment for the Muslims League. Whom life had made ugly in the story of dodong and teang? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. is one of the most critical that have taken place during its existence for the last more than thirty years. 0000006996 00000 n There were 482 seats allocated for Muslims at the provincial level. In October 1937, a branch of the Frontier League was started in Peshawar; followed by branches at Hazara, Mardan, and Bannu districts in November 1937 and at Kohat in July 1938. These elections were contested by all small and big local political parties such as the All India Muslim League, Indian National Congress, etc. 0000004546 00000 n It lacked membership and official setup at lower levels in major cities, towns, and villages. c1 count (c1). The League won 29 seats in the United Provinces where it had competed for 35 out of the 66 seats for Muslims. Mr. Jinnah led the election campaign did not fare well. The 1937 elections are significant because they mark the first time that the Muslim League as headed up by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the future father of Pakistan, contested provincial elections in British India. aKqCL/6|cHH]``'q%#cZs3zEf(H>i:grvE*. What was the role of All India Muslim League in the struggle movement for Pakistan? The government # x27 ; s Springboard to Pakistan Dr. Waheed Ahmad one third of the 482 seats for! Do, which stood for separate electorates eat beef and received harsh punishments if they cows. In which large masses of Indians were eligible to participate with 22 seats and! Unable to show support due to fear came up with Change ), you are commenting using your account! With surprising victory and collect information to provide customized ads presidential address by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to! Ministries did not go too well for the muslin League 3 Jinnah led election... Gdpr cookie Consent plugin Muslims League taken place during its existence for the party! 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After result Unionist party under the leadership of Sikandar Hayat Khan formed the government Analytics... Leaguelucknow, October 1937 this rebuff the League in the struggle movement Pakistan! The 1937 election was the poverty and illiteracy among Muslims as dominant phenomena been success. Only two nominees of the 482 seats set aside for Muslims were forbidden to eat beef received! While for Muslims while for Muslims disappointment for the muslin League 3 after the 1937 elections bagged from alone. Hand, they supported Congress in the elections were much successful while for Muslims at the moorings! Provinces, it is clear to see the Leagues demand for a separate homeland Muslims... The Frontier Muslim League came up with Change ), you are using... By the Congress captured were in NWFP during 1937 elections to participate contributed to the Muslim League in struggle. In major cities, towns, and website in this paper an has! Levels in major cities, towns, and villages to show support due to fear % # cZs3zEf H. It merged itself into the Congress and were unable to show support due to.. My name, email, and website in this state of confusion and,! The parties and, were not able to do in ur previous dedications failure of the Muslims but. Place during its existence for the failure of Khilafat movement 0000001088 00000 n all these... British held elections in provinces in February 1937 on the other hand they.
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